How to Interpret the Bible

Here are some of the guidelines I use in interpreting the Scriptures.

1. We must discern and differentiate the various writing styles found in the scriptures. There is poetry, straightforward prose, hyperbole (exaggeration), idioms, symbolism (as found in apocalyptic literature such as Revelation), and more. For example, look at Jesus’ words in Matthew 5:30, “if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off”. We would all be handless if we interpreted that literally. Jesus meant to illustrate the seriousness of sin and that we need to take drastic measures to deal with it in our lives.

2. Clear statements in prose have more interpretive weight than poetry, parables, or apocalyptic literature. I think this principle is overlooked by some interpreters who confess that “every word of the Bible is true” without evaluating the kind of writing it is. Even within clear prose statements, we have to consider hyperbole and figures of speech as mentioned above in point 1.

3. We must harmonize the entire scriptures together. The message of the Bible is consistent if we take every verse, chapter, and book in proper context.

4. Interpret the Old Testament in light of the New Testament. Jesus said “don’t think that I came to abolish the Law or the Prophets (Old Testament). I did not come to abolish but to fulfill” (Matt 5:17). In other places he talks about the entire Old Testament being about him. God put many types and shadows of Jesus throughout the Old Testament. We need to interpret everything there in light of what Jesus taught, and through the Holy Spirit who inspired the rest of the New Testament.